Wax moths in stored equipment

Using PDB crystals (paradichlorobenzene) is a chemical fumigation method to prevent wax moth damage in stored beeswax combs. PDB crystals release vapors that are toxic to wax moth eggs and larvae, effectively preventing infestations. Stored combs are stacked in airtight containers or bags, and PDB crystals are placed on top, allowing the vapors to permeate the combs. It is crucial to follow instructions carefully regarding dosage, airtight storage, and airing out equipment thoroughly before use in bee colonies, as PDB is a chemical substance. PDB is a highly effective method for long-term wax moth prevention in stored equipment.

Freezing stored frames is an effective non-chemical method to kill wax moth eggs and larvae. Similar to small hive beetle control, storing frames in a deep freezer at temperatures below freezing for 24 to 48 hours eradicates wax moth pests. This method is suitable for smaller quantities of equipment and is safe for wax combs and beekeeping equipment. Freezing is a reliable way to sanitize stored combs and prevent wax moth damage, especially for beekeepers preferring non-chemical pest control options. Access to a deep freezer is necessary for this method.

Applying BT (Bacillus thuringiensis) to stored combs is a biological control method to prevent wax moth larvae from damaging beeswax. BT is a naturally occurring bacterium that produces a toxin specific to moth and butterfly larvae, including wax moths. BT products, available as sprays or powders, are applied to stored combs as a preventative measure. BT is safe for bees, honey, and humans when used as directed. It is effective in preventing wax moth larvae from establishing in stored equipment, offering a less toxic alternative to chemical fumigants. BT needs to be reapplied annually for continued protection.