Most operating systems allow customization of power plans, letting you fine-tune how components behave on battery power.

Go to your laptop's power options or settings (e.g., via Control Panel in Windows or System Settings on Mac).
Select the active power plan (or create a custom one for battery use).
Adjust advanced settings:
Set the display to turn off after a shorter period of inactivity.
Set the computer to sleep after a shorter period of inactivity.
Reduce the maximum processor state when on battery (if available).
Adjust settings for hard disk sleep, USB selective suspend, etc., favoring power saving.
Save the customized power plan.

N/A - Allows granular control over power consumption for various hardware components.

Optimize Power Plan Settings