Use the deep litter method for coop bedding

Start with a 4–6 inch base of pine shavings in the coop and add thin fresh layers on top as the bedding becomes soiled, rather than doing full cleanouts. Over weeks, the lower layers begin composting, generating gentle heat and breaking down droppings. Turn the litter occasionally with a rake to keep it aerated and prevent matting. A well-managed deep litter bed can go 3–6 months between full cleanouts.

Why It Works

Deep litter harnesses natural microbial composting to manage moisture and waste. Beneficial bacteria and fungi break down duck droppings (which are far wetter than chicken droppings), converting them into stable compost. The carbon-rich shavings absorb excess moisture while the composting process generates enough heat to keep the litter dry. This drastically reduces the labor of daily cleanouts while producing rich garden compost.

Tips

• Pine shavings work best — straw mats down and traps moisture underneath; cedar is toxic
• Turn the litter 2–3 times per week to prevent anaerobic (ammonia-producing) conditions
• Add food-grade diatomaceous earth between layers to help control moisture and insects
• Good ventilation is essential — deep litter in a sealed coop creates dangerous ammonia levels
• Remove any visibly soaked spots immediately rather than just covering them